MPLS v3.0 - Implementing Cisco® MPLS Course Outline
Overview
The Implementing Cisco MPLS (MPLS) v3.0 is a five-day course that is designed to help students prepare for MPLS exam. This update to the course reflects the most-recent developments in network design and technologies, using real-world scenarios to help
reinforce the learning of key objectives.
Enterprises and service providers face many challenges in terms of customer demand, including an ongoing need for value-added services. Conventional IP packet forwarding has several limitations, and more and more enterprise and service providers realize
that something else is needed. Not only they must be concerned with protecting their existing infrastructure, but they must also find ways to generate new services that are not currently supportable using existing technologies.
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a high-performance method for forwarding packets through a network. MPLS enables routers at the edge of a network to apply simple labels to packets. This practice allows the edge devices to switch packet according to
labels, with minimal lookup overhead. MPLS integrates the performance and traffic management capabilities of data link Layer 2 with the scalability and flexibility of network Layer 3 routing. When used in conjunction with other standard technologies, MPLS
gives the ability to support value-added features.
Note: Students registering for this course will be receiving their course kit in a digital format.
Objective2
After completing this course the student should be able to:
Describe the features of MPLS
Describe how MPLS labels are assigned and distributed
Configure and troubleshoot frame-mode MPLS on Cisco IOS platforms
Describe the MPLS peer-to-peer architecture and explain the routing and packetforwarding model in this architecture
Configure, monitor, and troubleshoot VPN operations
Describe how the MPLS VPN model can be used to implement managed services
and Internet access
Describe the various Internet access implementations that are available and the benefits and drawbacks of each model
Describe the tasks and commands that are necessary to implement MPLS TE
Prerequisites
The knowledge and skills that a learner must have before attending this course are as follows:
Intermediate to advanced knowledge of Cisco IOS Software configuration
Configuring and troubleshooting EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS and BGP
Skills and knowledge equivalent to those learned in:
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices v2.0, Part 1 (ICND1 v2.0) and
Part 2 (ICND2 v2.0), or Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices: Accelerated Version 2.0 (CCNAX v2.0)
Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE v2.0)
Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (BGP v4.0)
Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks Part 1
(SPNGN1) v1.2
Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks Part 2
(SPNGN2) v1.2
Deploying Cisco Service Provider Network Routing (SPROUTE) v1.2
Deploying Cisco Service Provider Advanced Network Routing
(SPADVROUTE) v1.2
Who Should Attend
The primary audience for this course is as follows:
This course is intended primarily for network administrators, network engineers, network managers and systems engineers who would like to implement MPLS and MPLS Traffic Engineering.
The secondary audience for this course is as follows:
This course is intended for network designers and project managers. The course is also recommended to all individuals preparing for MPLS exam.
Coursd Outline
Module 1: MPLS Concepts
Lesson 1: Introducing Basic MPLS Concepts
Foundations of Traditional IP Routing
Basic MPLS Features
Benefits of MPLS
MPLS Terminology: Label Switch Router
MPLS Terminology: Label-Switched Path
MPLS Terminology: Upstream and Downstream
MPLS Architecture Components
Architecture of Ingress Edge LSRs
Architecture of Intermediate LSRs
Architecture of Egress Edge LSRs
Summary
Lesson 2: Introducing MPLS Labels and Label Stack
MPLS Labels
FEC and MPLS Forwarding
MPLS Label Format
MPLS Label Imposition
MPLS Label Stack
Summary
Lesson 3: Identifying MPLS Applications
MPLS Services
MPLS Unicast IP Routing
MPLS Multicast IP Routing
MPLS VPNs
MPLS Traffic Engineering
MPLS Quality of Service
Any Transport over MPLS
Interactions Between MPLS Services
Summary
Lesson 4: Module Summary
References
Lesson 5: Module Self-Check
Module 2: Label Assignment and Distribution
Lesson 1: Discovering LDP Neighbors
Label-Distributing Protocols
LDP Neighbor Session Establishment
LDP Link Hello Message
LDP Negotiating Label Space
Discovering LDP Neighbors
Negotiating LDP Sessions
Summary
Lesson 2: Introducing Typical Label Distribution in Frame-Mode MPLS
Propagating Labels Across a Network
Building Blocks for IP Forwarding
Using the FIB Table to Forward Packets
Using LDP to Forward Packets
Label-Switched Path
Propagating Labels by Using PHP
Impact of IP Aggregation on LSPs
Label Allocation in a Frame-Mode MPLS Network
Label Distribution and Advertisement
Receiving Label Advertisement
Liberal Label Retention
Further Label Allocation
Frame-Mode Loop Detection Using the MPLS TTL Field
Normal TTL Operation
Disabling TTL Propagation
Summary
Lesson 3: Introducing Convergence in Frame-Mode MPLS
MPLS Steady-State Operation
Link Failure State
Routing Protocol Convergence After a Link Failure
MPLS Convergence After a Link Failure
Link Recovery Actions
Summary
Lesson 4: Module Summary
References
Lesson 5: Module Self-Check
Module 3: Frame-Mode MPLS Implementation on Cisco IOS Platforms
Lesson 1: Introducing CEF Switching
Cisco IOS Platform-Switching Mechanisms
Using Standard IP Switching
Cisco Express Forwarding Switching Architecture
Configuring IP Cisco Express Forwarding
Monitoring IP Cisco Express Forwarding
Discovery 1: Verifying CEF Switching
Summary
Lesson 2: Configuring Frame-Mode MPLS on Cisco IOS Platforms
MPLS Configuration Tasks
Configuring the MPLS ID on a Router
Configuring MPLS on a Frame-Mode Interface
Discovery 2: Enabling MPLS
Configuring IP TTL Propagation
Discovery 3: Change IP TTL Propagation
Configuring Conditional Label Distribution
Summary
Lesson 3: Monitoring Frame-Mode MPLS on Cisco IOS Platforms
Monitoring MPLS
Monitoring LDP
Monitoring Label Switching
Debugging MPLS and LDP
Summary
Lesson 4: Troubleshooting Frame-Mode MPLS on Cisco IOS Platforms
Common Frame-Mode MPLS Issues
Solving LDP Session Startup Issues
Solving Label Allocation Issues
Solving Label Distribution Issues
Solving Packet-Labeling Issues
Solving Intermittent MPLS Failures
Solving Packet Propagation Issues
Summary
Lesson 5: Module Summary
References
Lesson 6: Module Self-Check
Module 4: MPLS Virtual Private Network Technology
Lesson 1: Introducing Virtual Private Networks
Basic VPN Overview
VPN Implementation Models
Overlay VPN Technologies
Peer-to-Peer VPN Technologies
Benefits of VPNs
Drawbacks of VPNs
Summary
Lesson 2: Introducing MPLS VPN Architecture
MPLS VPN Architecture
PE Router Architecture
VRF Overview
Methods of Propagating Routing Information Across the P-Network
Route Distinguishers
RD Format
RD Operation in MPLS VPN
RD Process Flow
Route Targets
RT Operation
RT and RD Process Flow
Summary
Lesson 3: Introducing the MPLS VPN Routing Model
MPLS VPN Routing
CE Router MPLS VPN Routing
P Router MPLS VPN Routing
PE Router MPLS VPN Routing
Support for Internet Routing
Routing Tables on PE Routers
Identifying End-to-End Routing Update Flow
Summary
Lesson 4: Forwarding MPLS VPN Packets
End-to-End VPN Forwarding Mechanisms
VPN Penultimate Hop Popping
Propagating VPN Labels Between PE Routers
Effects of MPLS VPNs on Label Propagation
Effects of MPLS VPNs on Packet Forwarding
Summary
Lesson 5: Module Summary
References
Lesson 6: Module Self-Check
Module 5: MPLS VPN Implementation
Lesson 1: Using MPLS VPN Mechanisms of Cisco IOS Platforms
VRF Table
Need for Routing Protocol Contexts
VPN-Aware Routing Protocols
Using VRF Tables
Propagating BGP RoutesOutbound Example
Propagating Non-BGP RoutesOutbound Example
Propagating BGP RoutesInbound Example
Propagating Non-BGP RoutesInbound Example
Summary
Lesson 2: Configuring an MP-BGP Session Between PE Routers
Configuring BGP Address Families
Enabling BGP Neighbors
Configuring MP-BGP
Configuring MP-IBGP
Discovery 4: Configure MP-IBGP
Summary
Lesson 3: Configuring VRF Tables
VRF Configuration Tasks
Creating VRF Tables and Assigning RDs
Specifying Export and Import RTs
Discovery 5: Configure the VRF Instances
Using MPLS VPN IDs
Summary
Lesson 4: Configuring Small-Scale Routing Protocols Between PE and CE Routers
Configuring PE-CE Routing Protocols
Selecting the VRF Routing Context for BGP
Configuring Per-VRF Static Routes
Configuring RIP PE-CE Routing
Discovery 6: Configure RIP as a PE-CE Routing Protocol
Configuring EIGRP PE-CE Routing
Discovery 7: Configure EIGRP as a PE-CE Routing Protocol
Configuring SOO for EIGRP PE-CE Loop Prevention
Summary
Lesson 5: Monitoring MPLS VPN Operations
Monitoring VRFs
Monitoring VRF Routing
Monitoring MP-BGP Sessions
Monitoring an MP-BGP VPNv4 Table
Monitoring Per-VRF Cisco Express Forwarding and LFIB Structures
Monitoring Labels Associated with VPNv4 Routes
Identifying MPLS VPN Diagnostic Commands
Summary
Lesson 6: Configuring OSPF as the Routing Protocol Between PE and CE Routers
OSPF Hierarchical Model
OSPF in an MPLS VPN Routing Model
OSPF SuperbackboneOSPF-BGP Hierarchy Issue
OSPF in MPLS VPNsGoals
OSPF SuperbackboneRoute Propagation Example
OSPF SuperbackboneRules
OSPF SuperbackboneImplementation
OSPF SuperbackboneExternal Routes
OSPF SuperbackboneMixing Routing Protocols
Configuring PE-CE OSPF Routing
Discovery 8: Configure OSPF as a PE-CE Routing Protocol
Routing Loops Between MP-BGP and OSPF
OSPF Down BitLoop Prevention
Optimizing of Packet Forwarding Across the MPLS VPN Backbone
Routing Loops Across OSPF Domains
OSPF Tag FieldOperation
OSPF Tag FieldUsage Guidelines
OSPF Tag FieldRouting Loop Prevention
Sham Link
Summary
Lesson 7: Configuring BGP as the Routing Protocol Between PE and CE Routers
Configuring a Per-VRF BGP Routing Context
Reasons for Limiting the Number of Routes in a VRF
Limiting the Number of Prefixes Received from a BGP Neighbor
Limiting the Total Number of VRF Routes
Identifying AS-Override Issues
AS-Override Implementation
AS-Path Prepending
Discovery 9: Configure BGP as a PE-CE Routing Protocol
Identifying the Allow-AS Issue
Allow-AS-In Implementation
Implementing SOO for Loop Prevention
Summary
Lesson 8: Troubleshooting MPLS VPNs
Identifying Preliminary Steps in MPLS VPN Troubleshooting
Verifying the Routing Information Flow
Validating CE-to-PE Routing Information Flow
Validating PE-to-PE Routing Information Flow
Validating PE-to-CE Routing Information Flow
Identifying the Issues When Verifying the Data Flow
Validating Cisco Express Forwarding Status
Validating the End-to-End LSP
Validating the LFIB Status
MPLS VPN Troubleshooting Command Summary
Summary
Lesson 9: Module Summary
Lesson 10: Module Self-Check
Module 6: Complex MPLS VPNs
Lesson 1: Introducing Overlapping VPNs
Participants in Overlapping VPNs
Typical Overlapping VPN Usages
Overlapping VPN Routing
Overlapping VPN Data Flow
Configuring Overlapping VPNs
Summary
Lesson 2: Introducing Central Services VPNs
Central Services VPN
Central Services VPN Routing
Central Services VPN Data Flow Model
Discovery 10: Configure a Central Services VPN
Central Services VPN and Overlapping VPN Requirements
Configuring RDs and RTs in a Central Services VPN and Overlapping VPN
Advanced VRF Features
Configuring Selective VRF Import
Configuring Selective VRF Export
Summary
Lesson 3: Introducing the Managed CE Routers Service
Managed CE Routers
VRF Creation and RD Overview
Configuring Managed CE Routers
Summary
Lesson 4: Module Summary
Lesson 5: Module Self-Check
Module 7: Internet Access and MPLS VPNs
Lesson 1: Combining Internet Access with MPLS VPNs
Customer Internet Connectivity Scenarios Overview
Classical Internet Access
Multisite Internet Access
Wholesale Internet Access
Internet Design Models for Service Providers
Internet Access Through Global Routing
Internet Access Through a Separate VPN Service
Internet Access Through Route Leaking
Summary
Lesson 2: Implementing Internet Access in the MPLS VPN Environment
Classical Internet Access for a VPN Customer
Implementing Classical Internet Access for a VPN Customer
Using Separate Subinterfaces
Implementing Internet Access from Every Customer Site
Internet Access as a Separate VPN
Redundant Internet Access
Implementing Wholesale Internet Access
Separate Internet Access Benefits and Limitations
Running an Internet Backbone in a VPN: Benefits and Limitations
Summary
Lesson 3: Module Summary
Lesson 4: Module Self-Check
Module 8: MPLS Traffic Engineering Overview
Lesson 1: Introducing MPLS Traffic Engineering Components
Traffic Engineering Concepts
Traffic Engineering Motivations
Business Drivers for Traffic Engineering
Congestion Avoidance and Traffic Engineering
Traffic Engineering with a Layer 2 Overlay Model
Traffic Engineering with a Layer 2 Overlay Model: Example
Drawbacks of the Layer 2 Overlay Solution
Layer 3 Routing Model Without Traffic Engineering
Traffic Engineering with a Layer 3 Routing Model
Traffic Engineering with the MPLS TE Model
MPLS TE Traffic Tunnels
Traffic Tunnels: Attributes
Link Resource Attributes
Constraint-Based Path Computation
Example of Constraint-Based Path Computation (Bandwidth)
MPLS TE Process
Role of RSVP in Path Setup Procedures
Path Setup and Admission Control with RSVP
Forwarding Traffic to a Tunnel
Autoroute
Autoroute Example
Summary
Lesson 2: MPLS Traffic Engineering Operations
Attributes Used by Constraint-Based Path Computation
MPLS TE Link-Resource Attributes
MPLS TE Link Resource Attributes: Maximum Bandwidth and Maximum
Reservable Bandwidth
MPLS TE Link-Resource Attributes: Link-Resource Class
MPLS TE Link-Resource Attributes: Constraint-Based Specific Link Metric
(Administrative Weight)
MPLS TE Tunnel Attributes
MPLS TE Tunnel Attributes: Traffic Parameter and Path Selection and
Management
MPLS TE Tunnel Attributes: Tunnel Resource Class Affinity
MPLS TE Tunnel Attributes: Adaptability, Priority, Pre-emption
MPLS v3.0 Page 11/13 www.skyline-ats.com
Implementing Cisco MPLS
MPLS TE Tunnel Attributes: Resilience
Implementing TE Policies with Affinity Bits
Using Affinity Bits in TE Policies
Propagating MPLS TE Link Attributes with Link-State Routing Protocol
Constraint-Based Path Computation
Constraint-Based Path Computation: Path Selection
Example of Constraint-Based Path Computation (Resource Affinity)
Path Setup
RSVP Usage in Path Setup
Hop-by-Hop Path Setup with RSVP
Tunnel and Link Admission Control
Path Rerouting
Path Reoptimization
Path Rerouting: Link Failure
Assigning Traffic to Traffic Tunnels
Using Static Routing to Assign Traffic to Traffic Tunnel
Autoroute
Autoroute: Path Selection Rules
Autoroute: Default Metric
Autoroute: Relative and Absolute Metric
Forwarding Adjacency
Forwarding Adjacency Traffic Flows
Summary
Lesson 3: Configuring MPLS Traffic Engineering on Cisco IOS Platforms
MPLS TE Configuration Flowchart
Enabling Device-Level MPLS TE Support
Enabling MPLS TE Support in IS-IS
Enabling MPLS TE Support in OSPF
Enabling Basic MPLS TE on an Interface
Creating and Configuring a Traffic Tunnel
Mapping Traffic into Tunnels with Autoroute
Discovery 11: Configure MPLS Traffic Engineering
Summary
Lesson 4: Monitoring Basic MPLS TE on Cisco IOS Platforms
Monitoring MPLS TE Tunnels
show ip rsvp interface Command
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels brief Command
Monitoring MPLS TE
show mpls traffic-eng autoroute Command
show ip cef Command
Summary
Lesson 5: Module Summary
Lesson 6: Module Self-Check
Lab Outline
Challenge 1: Implement the Service Provider's and Customer's IP Addressing and IGP
Routing
Implement the Service Provider IP Addressing and IGP Routing Protocol
Challenge 2: Implement the Core MPLS Environment in the Service Provider Network
Implement the Core MPLS Environment in the Service Provider Network
Challenge 3: Implement EIGRP Based VPNs
Implement EIGRP Based VPNs
Challenge 4: Implement OSPF Based MPLS VPNs
Implement OSPF Based MPLS VPNs
Challenge 5: Implement BGP Based MPLS VPNs
Implement BGP Based MPLS VPNs
Challenge 6: Implement MPLS Traffic Engineering
Implement MPLS Traffic Engineering
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